The Black-chinned Hummingbird is a small and beautiful bird species that belongs to the family Trochilidae. These tiny creatures can grow up to 3.5 inches long and weigh between 0.1-0.2 ounces. Their most distinguishing field mark is their black chin, which is surrounded by an iridescent purple or green throat, depending on the angle of the light. The male’s crown and upperparts are green, while the female’s upperparts are gray-green. Both sexes have a white line above their eyes, a white belly, and a slightly curved bill.
Black-chinned Hummingbirds are common throughout western North America and can be found in a variety of habitats, including deserts, forests, and meadows. They breed in the western United States and Mexico and migrate to the southern United States and Mexico during the winter months. The timing of their migration depends on the location, but most Black-chinned Hummingbirds begin their migration in late summer or early fall and return to their breeding grounds in the spring.
During the breeding season, Black-chinned Hummingbirds feed on nectar from a variety of flowers, including penstemon, columbine, and paintbrush. They also eat insects and spiders for protein. To attract mates, males perform elaborate courtship displays that involve flying up to 30 feet in the air and diving down in a U-shaped pattern while emitting a high-pitched sound. Once a pair has bonded, the female builds a tiny cup-shaped nest out of plant fibers, spider silk, and lichens.
In addition to being beautiful and entertaining to watch, Black-chinned Hummingbirds play an important role in pollinating plants. They are also an indicator species, meaning that their presence (or absence) can help scientists understand the health of an ecosystem. Despite their small size, Black-chinned Hummingbirds face threats from habitat loss, climate change, and pesticides. Conservation efforts, such as planting native flowers and reducing pesticide use, can help ensure that these tiny birds continue to thrive in their natural habitats.