The Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) is a small passerine bird that is commonly found in open fields and grasslands across much of eastern North America. Adult Field Sparrows measure about 5.5 inches in length and weigh around 0.5 ounces. They have a plump body with a rounded head, short neck, and a short, conical bill.
Field Sparrows are easily recognized by their bright pink bill, rufous crown, and the distinctive spot of rust-colored feathers on their wings. They also have a pale, grayish breast and a white belly with dark streaks. The distinctive rufous cap, combined with the gray breast and white belly, gives the Field Sparrow a unique appearance that sets it apart from other small birds.
Field Sparrows are generally non-migratory birds, with populations remaining in their breeding range year-round. Breeding season for Field Sparrows usually begins in late April and lasts until early August. During the breeding season, Field Sparrows are found in open fields and grasslands, where they build their nests on the ground or low shrubs.
While Field Sparrows do not typically migrate, some populations may move south in the winter, particularly in the northern parts of their range. During the winter, Field Sparrows are found in fields, woodland edges, and shrublands, where they forage on seeds, insects, and spiders. In some areas, they may also visit backyard bird feeders, particularly if there is a good source of seed available.
Overall, the Field Sparrow is a distinctive and well-loved bird that is easily recognized by its unique appearance and sweet, melodic song. Its preference for open fields and grasslands make it a common sight for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts alike, and its non-migratory behavior makes it a reliable year-round resident in many parts of the eastern United States.